Motor vehicle accidents (MVAs) are a significant global concern, impacting individuals, families, and communities on multiple levels. Each year, millions of people are injured or killed in road traffic accidents, making them a leading cause of death worldwide. These incidents occur due to various factors, including human error, mechanical failure, adverse weather conditions, and poor road infrastructure. Human error remains the most prevalent cause, encompassing behaviors such as distracted driving, speeding, driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs, and fatigue. Distracted driving, particularly the use of mobile phones, has seen a sharp increase in recent years, contributing to a significant number of accidents. Speeding reduces the driver’s ability to react to sudden changes and increases the severity of crashes. Driving under the influence impairs judgment, coordination, and reaction times, making it extremely dangerous. Fatigue affects a driver’s alertness and reaction time, often leading to catastrophic outcomes.

Mechanical failures, such as brake malfunctions, tire blowouts, and steering issues, also play a crucial role in motor vehicle accidents. Regular vehicle maintenance and safety checks are essential to prevent such failures. Adverse weather conditions, including rain, snow, fog, and ice, significantly reduce visibility and road traction, increasing the likelihood of accidents. Drivers must adjust their driving habits in response to these conditions, such as reducing speed and maintaining a safe following distance.